Oil & Gas

A well no longer in use, whether dry, inoperable or no longer productive, and the previous operator has intentionally relinquished its interest in the well.

A chronological history of the ownership of a tract of land.

an anti-pollution measure in which hydrogen sulfide is removed from fumes discharged by a refinery. Sulfur is produced as a by product of this process.

treat oil-bearing limestone or other formations with acid to increase production.

Increasing the flow of oil from a well by pumping hydrochloric acid into the well under high pressure. This reopens and enlarges the pores in the oil-bearing limestone formation.

recording the time required for sound to travel a specific distance through rock, using a wireline of LWD instrument. The rate of travel varies with rock composition, porosity, and fluid content.

The most common of land measure in the United States. A square 210 feet on a side (44,100 sq. ft) would be a bit larger than an acre (43,560 sq. ft). There are 640 acres in a square mile.

In the U.S., the thickness of a pay zone is measured in feet, and the area of the reservoir is measured in acres. An acre-foot is a volume of reservoir rock that is one acre in area and one foot thick.

Advanced Energy Initiative

An estimate of the costs of drilling and completing a proposed well, which the operator provides to each working interest owner before the well is commenced.

Arabian Gulf

Atmospheric gasoil

Anthropogenic global warming

the family name of a group of organic chemical compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. The series of molecules vary in chain length and are composed of a hydrocarbon plus a hydroxyl group; CH(CH)n-OH (e.g., methanol, ethanol, and tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA)).

the product of an alkylation reaction. It usually refers to the high octane product from alkylation units. This alkylate is used in blending high-octane gasoline.

a refining process for chemically combining isobutane with olefin hydrocarbons (e.g., propylene, butylene) through the control of temperature and pressure in the presence of an acid catalyst, usually sulfuric acid or hydrofluoric acid. The product alkylate, an isoparaffin, has a high octane value and is blended with motor and aviation gasoline to improve the antiknock value of the fuel. Alkylation units produce feedstock for the production of MTBE.

this is the term applied to OPEC's self-imposed system of restricting crude oil output to achieve higher prices than would otherwise have been attained.

the distance along the path of the wellbore from a measured depth datum (e.g., the drilling rig floor) to a point in the well.

a current that flows alternately in one direction and then in the reverse direction. In North America, the standard for alternating current is 60 complete cycles each second. Such electricity is said to have a frequency of 60 hertz. Alternating current is used universally in power systems because it can be transmitted and distributed much more economically than direct current.

removes hydrogen sulfite in gas stream.

Administracion Nacional de Combustibles Alcohol y Portland (Uruguay state oil company)

variation of a physical property depending on the direction in which it is measured. In geophysics, a difference between velocity parallel to the bedding plane and velocity perpendicular to the bedding plane for a lithologic unit. In geology, anisotropy usually refers to the differency between vertical and horizontal permeability.

The space between a well's casing and the wall of the borehol.

in a borehole, the space between the drill pipe and the borehole, between tubing and casing, or between casing and formation.

The space between the surface casing and the inner, producing well-bore casing.

An imperfection or defect that may be present in the pipe wall.

Alaska North Slope

A geological term describing a fold in the earth's surface with strata sloping downward on both sides from a common crest. Anticlines frequently have surface manifestations like hills, knobs, and ridges. At least 80 percent of the world's oil and gas has been found in anticlines.

Abbreviation for American Petroleum Institute

An indicator developed by the American Petroleum Institute (API) to identify areas such as counties and other subdivision areas identified within state boundaries. Defined by API Bulletin D12A, as amended. This code becomes a part of the API Well Number.

an arbitrary scale expressing the gravity or density of liquid petroleum products. The measuring scale is calibrated in terms of degrees API. It is calculated as follows:

Degrees API = (141.5/(sp.gr.60 deg. F/60 deg. F)) - 131.5

A well identifier assigned as defined in API (American Petroleum Institute)Bulletin D12A, as amended. The API Well Numbers are assigned by the appropriate state or federal regulatory agency.

Amsterdam - Rotterdam - Antwerp

During the Arab-Israeli conflict in October 1973, Arab oil producers cut off shipments to the Unites States and the Netherlands in retaliation for their support of Israel. At the same time, they cut down production. The shortage was felt by all oil-importing nations, with world prices moving sharply higher. Price and allocation controls suppressed some of this increase in the United States, but gasoline lines were still prevalent.

hydrocarbons characterized by unsaturated ring structures of carbon atoms. Commercial petroleum aromatics are benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX).

developed and patented by Chevron; designed to produce higher yields of benzene, toluene and xylene than conventional reforming methods. This yield advantage results in more efficient use of feedstocks and improved financial performance.

a dark-brown-to-black cement-like material containing bitumens as the predominant constituents, obtained by petroleum processing. The definition includes crude asphalt as well as the following finished products -- cements, fluxes, the asphalt content of emulsions (exclusive of water), and petroleum distillates blended with asphalt to make cutback asphalts. The conversion factor for asphalt is 5.6 barrels per short ton.

The gas that occurs with oil either as free gas or in solution. When occurring alone, it is referred to as unassociated gas.

Natural gas which is in contact with crude oil in the reservoir.

the acronym for the American Society for Testing and Materials.

Atlantic

the refining process of separating crude oil components at atmospheric pressure by heating to temperatures of about 600 deg. to 750 deg. F (depending on the nature of the crude oil and desired products) and subsequent condensing of the fractions by cooling.

a mine production system, utilizing shovels, trucks and crushers, which can deliver ore on an as-required basis to supplement the draglines and the bucketwheel reclaimers.

Availabilities

all special grades of gasoline for use in aviation reciprocating engines, as given in ASTM Specification D910 and Military Specification MIL-G-5572. Excludes blending components which will be used in blending or compounding into finished aviation gasoline.